Rémi CARMIGNIANI

Chercheur LHSV

Publications

Stroke rate and arm coordination management in swimming in a double Paralympic triathlete champion
- Seifert Ludovic
- Guignard Brice
- Létocart Adrien
- Regaieg Mohamed Amin
- Guimard Alexandre
- Chollet Didier
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Pouleau Nicolas
- Charentus Arnaud
- Leprêtre Pierre-Marie
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, University of Uludag , 2026 (25), pp.211-220 . The 2024 Paris Paralympic triathlon required swimming with and against the current which requested to adapt stroke mechanics. To understand how a Paralympic triathlete champion might adapt his stroke mechanics under varying current conditions, this study aimed to 1) determine the range and optimal stroke rate (SR) and index of coordination (IdC); 2) examine the flexibility of SR, IdC and associated total energy expenditure. The para triathlete performed two front crawl tests: 10 times 25m incremented in swimming speed (S), from which S-SR and S-IdC relationships have been modelled to detect two regimes of functioning and the most effective SR; then, 6 times 50 m at the speed of the 800 m freestyle using 6 different SR conditions: spontaneous SR (SRs), SRs imposed by tempo trainer, SRs+3, SRs+6, SRs-3 and SRs-6 cycles. Total energy expenditure was computed from post-exercise oxygen uptake and blood lactate measurements. In test 1, the highest effective SR equals 44 cycle.min-1, which corresponds to the preferred SR in 800 m freestyle competition. In test 2, the para triathlete struggled to perform the high SR conditions, which was associated to higher total energy expenditure; conversely, the para triathlete naturally decreased SR. It is advised to modulate SR around the preferred SR to optimise efficiency under varying current conditions. (10.52082/jssm.2026.211)
DOI : 10.52082/jssm.2026.211
Force - frequency relationship in front crawl swimming
- Brunel Thomas
- Clanet Christophe
- Larrarte Frédérique
- Cohen Caroline
- Carmigniani Rémi
, 2025 . Force - frequency relationship in front crawl swimming
Usages récréatifs des cours d'eau : activités sportives en eau libre
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Guillot - Le Goff Arthur
- Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
Transitions. Les nouvelles Annales des Ponts et Chaussées, École des Ponts ParisTech et Presses des Ponts , 2025, L’eau sous contraintes : un objet d’étude à l’intersection de multiples recherches (5), pp.111 .
Capteurs en ligne et modèles prédictifs : des plateformes numériques pour surveiller la qualité microbiologique des milieux aquatiques urbains
- Guillot - Le Goff Arthur
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
Transitions. Les nouvelles Annales des Ponts et Chaussées, École des Ponts ParisTech et Presses des Ponts , 2025, L’eau sous contraintes : un objet d’étude à l’intersection de multiples recherches (5), pp.37 .
Physics of sport: Olympic swimming
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
, 2024 . This manuscript reviews the main research subjects I have been conducting on “Physics of Sport” and particularly on Olympic swimming since I was appointed as a researcher at École des Ponts in the Laboratoire d’Hydraulique Saint-Venant in 2018. This work started with the launch of Sciences2024 research project, dedicated to solving problems identified with athletes to support them in their quest for medals at the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games. It is funded by the ANR project NePTUNE and the Fondation Groupe EDF. Thisthesispresents4axesofresearchonOlympicswimming: thestudyofwaterresistance, the modeling of the velocity–stroke rate and coordination relationships, the measurement and modeling of starts and turns trajectories, and the prediction of racing conditions in open water. All this work is being conducted with the aim of benefitting the French athletes as they prepare for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games. This work is multi-disciplinary (artificial intelligence, computer vision, bio-mechanics, physiology, fluid mechanics, etc.), with a key discipline: physics. The first step is to observe, then understand and model, proposing the most basic and minimal law possible. This approach makes it possible to highlight important laws of sport, such as the speed-frequency relationship in paddle sports. While it’s true that athletes haven’t necessarily waited for physicists to help them perform, I hope that this work will enable us to better understand the mechanisms that have enabled the best (French) athletes to get close to their optimal performance, so that we can transfer it to future generations. The thesis is written in English so that it can be widely shared, and to provide an overview of the work carried out since 2018 for the Paris Games.
Predicting water quality in urban rivers: Linking high frequency monitoring and spatial rainfall
- Guillot - Le Goff Arthur
- Cartier Yoann
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Malardé Damien
- Saad Mohamed
- Dubois Philippe
- Einfalt Thomas
- Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
, 2024 .
Fluorescence spectroscopy for tracking microbiological contamination in urban waterbodies
- Angelotti de Ponte Rodrigues Natália
- Carmigniani Rémi
- Guillot-Le Goff Arthur
- Lucas Françoise
- Therial Claire
- Naloufi Manel
- Janne Aurélie
- Piccioni Francesco
- Saad Mohamed
- Dubois Philippe
- Vinçon-Leite Brigitte
Frontiers in Water, Frontiers , 2024, 6 . Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a crucial role in freshwater ecosystem function. Monitoring of DOM in aquatic environments can be achieved by using fluorescence spectroscopy. Particularly, DOM fluorescence can constitute a signature of microbiological contamination with a potential for high frequency monitoring. However, limited data are available regarding urban waterbodies. This study considers fluorescence data from field campaigns conducted in the Paris metropolitan region: two watercourses (La Villette basin and the river Marne), two stormwater network outlets (SO), and a wastewater treatment plant effluent (WWTP-O). The objectives of the study were to characterize the major fluorescence components in the studied sites, to investigate the impact of local rainfall in such components and to identify a potential fluorescence signature of local microbiological contamination. The components of a PARAFAC model (C1-C7), corresponding to a couple of excitation (ex) and emission (em) wavelengths, and the fluorescence indices HIX and BIX were used for DOM characterization. In parallel, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were measured in selected samples. The PARAFAC protein-like components, C6 (ex/em of 280/352 nm) and C7 (ex/em of 305/340 nm), were identified as markers of microbial contamination in the studied sites. In the La Villette basin, where samplings covered a period of more than 2 years, which also included similar numbers of wet and dry weather samples, the protein-like components were significantly higher in wet weather in comparison to dry weather. A positive relationship was obtained between C6 and FIB. In urban rivers, the high frequency monitoring of C6 levels would support the fecal contamination detection in rivers. In addition, it could help targeting specific field campaigns to collect comprehensive dataset of microbiological contamination episodes. (10.3389/frwa.2024.1358483)
DOI : 10.3389/frwa.2024.1358483
Coupling 3D hydraulic simulation and fish telemetry data to characterize the behavior of migrating smolts approaching a bypass
- Ben Jebria Noor
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Drouineau Hilaire
- de Oliveira Eric
- Tétard Stéphane
- Capra Hervé
Journal of Ecohydraulics, Taylor & Francis , 2023, 8 (2), pp.144-157 . Human-induced river fragmentation is a major threat to migratory fish species. Restoringriver connectivity requires the construction of fish passage solutions, such as fishways forupstream and downstream migration. While many studies focussed on the upstream migra-tion of diadromous fishes, and especially of adult Atlantic salmons (Salmosalar), we analyzejuvenile behaviour under different hydraulic conditions at reservoir to improve the develop-ment of effective bypass systems for downstream passage of salmon smolt.Based on coupling three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulationsto smolt positions tracked by two-dimensional (2D) telemetry, the present study aimed toexplore smolt behaviour in relation to hydraulic cues. More specifically, we explored howhydraulic conditions influence fish behaviour and how fish navigate depending on thisbehaviour. In 2017, 23 smolts were tracked in the reservoir of Poutes (Allier River, France),associated with different turbine discharge rates. 3D CFD simulations were performed andvalidated against field measurements in the reservoir upstream of the hydropower plant.The study of fish displacements in relation to flow conditions provided new insights withthe use of thrust force, swimming orientation and direction as means to precisely character-ize smolt behaviour, which can help in the design of downstream migration passage facili-ties. At Poutes dam, flow velocity, flow acceleration and turbulent kinetic energy are verylow and therefore can lead to fish disorientation. However, results underlined that having aminimum flow velocity of 20cm/s in reservoirs is sufficient to prevent delay and allowfish navigation; (10.1080/24705357.2021.1978345)
DOI : 10.1080/24705357.2021.1978345
Wave drag during an unsteady motion
- Dode A.
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Cohen C.
- Clanet C.
- Bocquet L.
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press (CUP) , 2022, 951, pp.A15 . The average wave drag in unsteady motion is studied experimentally with force measurements. Towing hulls of size $L$ at sinusoidal speed, the mean drag is measured for different amplitudes and frequencies of the fluctuating velocity, as well as different Froude numbers $\mathcal {F}_0$ associated with the mean velocity $V_0$ ( $\mathcal {F}_0 = V_0/\sqrt {gL}$ ). The wave drag is reported to be either increased or decreased by velocity fluctuations depending on $\mathcal {F}_0$ . For small fluctuation amplitudes, this drag change is proportional to the square of the amplitude. The effect is maximized for a resonance frequency identified as the Wehausen frequency, which scales as $\sqrt {g/L}$ times the inverse of the Froude number. All these results are rationalized by developing an extension to Havelock's theory. (10.1017/jfm.2022.592)
DOI : 10.1017/jfm.2022.592
Open water swimming in urban areas E. coli distribution with TELEMAC-3D
- Angelotti Natalia
- Guillot - Le Goff Arthur
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
, 2022 .
Forecasting sanitary risks for open-water swimming in urban areas
- Vinçon-Leite Brigitte
- de Moura Contente Helena
- Angelotti Rodrigues Natalia
- Clercin N
- Bezerra F
- Piccioni F
- Lemaire Bruno J.
- Lucas F S
- Paz I
- Carmigniani R
, 2022 . Urban water bodies are increasingly used for recreational activities, including swimming. The practice of open water swim requires a good water quality, complying with sanitary regulations based on the concentration of faecal indicator bacteria. To forecast a possible sanitary risk, a monitoring station can be implemented upstream of the bathing area. Then the transfer time of the microbiological contaminant must be accurately modelled in order to derive the contamination level in the bathing area. A hydrodynamic model is a useful tool for achieving this goal. In La Villette basin (Paris, France), as part of Paris-Plage programme, a bathing area has been implemented since summer 2017. We present in this paper results of a 3D hydrodynamic model of La Villette basin, the transport of E.coli towards the swimming area and the advantages of this modelling approach.
On the Physics of Kayaking
- Prétot Charlie
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Hasbroucq Loup
- Labbé Romain
- Boucher Jean-Philippe
- Clanet Christophe
Applied Sciences, Multidisciplinary digital publishing institute (MDPI) , 2022, 12 (18), pp.8925 . The propulsion force of a kayaker can be measured thanks to sensors placed on the paddle. This article aims at linking this force to the evolution of the velocity of the boat. A general model is proposed to describe the motion of a K1 kayak. To validate the model and evaluate the relevant physics parameters, three on-water kayaking trials are proposed: a pure deceleration, a standing start, and 10 × 50 m with two athletes at the national level. These trials were performed with a force sensor on the paddle and video recording. We used the deceleration to evaluate the drag of the boat. Then the standing start showed that there was an active drag coefficient while kayaking. Finally, the 10 × 50 m exhibited a power law of one-third between the velocity and the stroke rate. The acceleration during the standing start together with the relationship between the velocity and stroke rate were well captured theoretically. This approach enabled us to evaluate the important parameters to describe a kayak race: the drag of the boat, an active drag coefficient, the mean propulsive force, and a propulsive length. It can be used to characterize athletes and monitor their performances. (10.3390/app12188925)
DOI : 10.3390/app12188925
Drafting of 2 swimmers
- Bolon Baptiste
- Pretot Charlie
- Clanet Christophe
- Larrarte Frédérique
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
, 2021, pp.1 p. . Open water swimming is a very tactical sport. As in cycling, competitors often swim in peloton formations. Therefore, their position in the group is crucial to optimize drafting, either to preserve their physical strength, to quickly pass a lead swimmer or to impede the passing of an opponent. This work is an experimental study of the drag on 2 swimmers scaled models.
Energies and forces during pole vault flight
- Quentin Lustig
- Homo Sébastien
- Brisard Sébastien
- Clanet Christophe
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
, 2021 . When looking at the evolution of the world records and yearly best performances of world class pole vault jumpers, we observe a stagnation of the best performance below the 6.20m mark, with a current world record held by Armand Duplantis at 6.18m. Yet, on closer inspection, the number of athletes able to pass the 6.10m mark is small (only 3 in the world). How to explain such a difference in level ? In the present study, we aim to quantify the energy transfers and the interaction forces between the athlete and the pole during an international competition. To this end, during the Paris Diamond League in August 2021, we used two cameras attached on top of the pole vault standards. Over 80 jumps were recorded and one jump exceeded the 6m mark. The scene is calibrated and triangulation makes it possible to deduce the 3D deformation of the pole and trajectory of the athletes. A quasi-static approach is used to evaluate the energy stored in the pole and the forces between the pole and the jumper during the jump. Our findings confirm that a significant part of the potential energy at release is due to the jumper activity after take-off (in the present case about 20%). This analysis also makes it possible to identify different important phases of the vault for which the athlete inputs or loses energy. These successive phases can be qualitatively observed by the coach. We now provide a methodology to quantify these phases. A similar analysis of the dynamics of vaulting will also be discussed.
Coordination and stroking parameters in the four swimming techniques: a narrative review
- Seifert Ludovic
- Carmigniani Remi Arthur
Sports Biomechanics, Taylor & Francis (Routledge): SSH Titles , 2021, pp.1-17 . (10.1080/14763141.2021.1959945)
DOI : 10.1080/14763141.2021.1959945
Drafting of two passive swimmer scale models for open-water races
- Bolon B
- Pretot C
- Clanet Christophe
- Larrarte Frédérique
- Carmigniani R
Soft Matter, Royal Society of Chemistry , 2020, 16 (31), pp.7270-7273 . The interaction between two passive human swimmer scale models is investigated both experimentally and numerically. The Froude number, comparing the swimming velocity to the characteristic wave velocity, is conserved in the study. The interaction is quantified for a large range of relative positions and for three speeds corresponding to cruising, average, and sprint swimming. The associated computational fluid dynamics study using OpenFoam allows us to determine the relative positions that optimize the drafting during an open-water race: just behind a lead swimmer or at the level of the hip of a neighbor, with reductions of drag of 40% and 30%, respectively. (10.1103/PhysRevFluids.00.004800)
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.00.004800
Optimal sponge layer for water waves numerical models
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Violeau Damien
Ocean Engineering, Elsevier , 2018, 163, pp.169-182 .
Optimal sponge layer for water waves numerical models
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Violeau Damien
Ocean Engineering, Elsevier , 2018, 163, pp.169-182 .
Resonance wave pumping with surface waves
- Carmigniani Rémi Arthur
- Benoit Michel
- Violeau Damien
- Gharib Morteza
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press (CUP) , 2017, 811, pp.1 - 36 . (10.1017/jfm.2016.720)
DOI : 10.1017/jfm.2016.720